Gedcom standard for genealogy: understand everything to fill your family tree well
What is Gedcom format and standard? How are Gedcom files structured? We take stock
What is Gedcom format and standard?
The GedcOM format and standard have been developed by the Church of Jesus Christ of the Holy Days (Mormons) in order to allow the easy exchange of genealogy computerized data between different software and sites.
On parle de « Gedcom » pour l’abréviation de GEnealogical Data COMmunication - comprenez :: Partage de données généalogiques.
Gedcom files are simply files in text format that genealogy software and sites can integrate, read and save. It makes it possible to group all the information on a person, a family, events, sources or even notes.
These files are encoded in several ways:: in Ansel, ANSI, Macintosh, MS/DOS, UTF-8 ... Note that the majority of current software (and geneafinder included) recommend the use of UTF-8 to be able to use all existing characters.
The structure of the Gedcom file
You will first find a header area (header) which includes information such as the site or software used to create this GedcOM, the encoding format or the language used.
Ensuite, lorsque vous allez créer une personne, un identifiant unique lui sera attribué (balise India) et les informations le concernant seront imbriquées sous son identifiant. Ainsi, il sera bien relié à ses événements et dates.
A family is created thanks to a link that unites two people (two tags are possible FamS (parents) or FamC (child).
In addition to the individual or family identifiers, GedcOM is also made up of several identifiers (or tags) that you can find as fields to be filled on your site or genealogy software.
Here is the list, from the Genealogy guide ::
Tag | Full name | Description |
Abbr | ABBREVIATION | Abridged name of a title, a description or a name. |
Addr | ADDRESS | Contemporary place, generally required for postal purposes, an individual, an information issuer, a repository, a business, a school or a business. |
ADR1 | ADDRESS 1 | The first line of an address. |
ADR2 | ADDRESS 2 | The second line of an address. |
Adopted | AdoptedTION | Relating to the creation of a child-parent relationship that does not exist biologically. |
AGE | AGE | The age of the person as an event occurred, or the age indicated in the document. |
Alia | AliaS | An indicator to link different recording descriptions of a person who may be the same person. |
Ance | ANCESTORS | Relating to the ancestors of an individual. |
Anul | CANCELatiON | Declare a zero marriage from the start (never existed). |
Asso | AssoCIÉS | An indicator to connect friends, neighbors, parents or associates of an individual. |
Author | AUTHOR | The name of the person who created or compiled the information. |
Bapl | Baptism-Esdj | The event of baptism carried out at the age of eight or later by the authority of the priesthood of the Church of the Holy Days (see also Bapm) |
Bapm | BAPTISM | L'évènement du baptême (pas ESDJ), effectué dans la petite enfance ou plus tard. (Voir aussi Bapl et CHR) |
Barm | Bar_mitzvah | The ceremony organized when a Jewish boy reaches the age of 13. |
Basm | Bas_mitzvah | The ceremonial event organized when a Jewish girl reaches the age of 13, also known as "Bat Mitzvah. |
Birt | NAISSAnce | The event of entry into life. |
Bles | BLESSING | A religious event of granting divine care or intercession. Sometimes given as part of a baptism ceremony. |
Pumi | FUNERAL | The event or appropriate elimination ceremony of the deadly body of a deceased person. |
Caln | PhonE NUMBER | Phone number. |
Cast | CastE | The name of the rank or the status of an individual in society, based on racial or religious differences, or differences in wealth, inherited rank, profession, occupation, etc. |
CAUS | CAUSE | A description of the cause of the event or the associated fact, such as the cause of death. |
Cens | RECensEMENT | The event of the periodic population counting for a designated locality, as a national or state census. |
Chan | ChanGEMENT | Indicates a change, correction or modification. Generally used in relation to a date to specify when a change of information has occurred. |
TANK | CHARACTER | An indicator of the character set used to write this automated information. |
Chil | CHILD | The natural child, adopted or sealed (ESDJ) of a father and a mother. |
CHR | BAPTISM | The religious event (not ESDJ) to baptize and/or to name a child. |
Chra | BAPTISM ADULTE | The religious event (not ESDJ) of baptism and/or appointment of an adult person. |
City | CITY | A lower level jurisdictional unit. Normally an incorporated municipal unit. |
Concluded | ConcludedATÉNatiON | Un indicateur que des données supplémentaires appartiennent à la valeur supérieure. L'information de la valeur Concluded doit être reliée à la valeur de la ligne précédente supérieure sans espace et sans caractère de retour chariot et/ou de retour à la ligne. Les valeurs fractionnées pour une balise Concluded doivent toujours être fractionnées au niveau d'un non-espace. Si la valeur est divisée sur un espace, l'espace sera perdu lors de la concaténation. Cela est dû au traitement que les espaces reçoivent en tant que délimiteur GedcOM, de nombreuses valeurs GedcOM sont coupées des espaces de fin et certains systèmes recherchent le premier non-espace commençant après la balise pour déterminer le début de la valeur. |
Confused | ConfusedIRMATION | The religious event (not ESDJ) to confer the gift of the Holy Spirit and, among the Protestants, the full-fledged support to the Church. |
Conl | ConfusedIRMATION_ESDJ | The religious event by which a person becomes a member of the ESDJ church. |
Container | ContainerINUATION | Un indicateur que des données supplémentaires appartiennent à la valeur supérieure. Les informations de la valeur Container doivent être reliées à la valeur de la ligne précédente supérieure par un retour chariot et/ou un caractère de nouvelle ligne. Les espaces de début peuvent être importants pour la mise en forme du texte résultant. Lors de l'importation de valeurs à partir de lignes Container, le lecteur ne doit supposer qu'un seul caractère délimiteur après la balise Container. Supposons que le reste des espaces de début doit faire partie de la valeur. |
Corp | BUSINESS | Name of an institution, agency, a company or a company. |
Crem | Cremation | Elimination of the fatal body of a person who died by fire |
Ctry | COUNTRY | The country's name or code. |
Data | DATA | Relating to stored automated information. |
DATE | DATE | The date of an event in a calendar format. |
Deat | DEATH | L'évènement de fin de la vie de la personne. |
Desk | DeskENDANTS | Relating to the offspring of an individual. |
Destroy | DestroyINatiON | A system receiving data. |
Div | DivORCE | An event of dissolution of a marriage by civil action. |
DivF | DEMANDE_DE_DivORCE | A divorce request event by a husband. |
Dscr | DeskRIPTION_PHYSIQUE | Physical characteristics of a person, a place or a thing. |
Educ | EducATION | Indicator of a level of education reached. |
An email address that can be used for contact such as an email address ... | ||
Emig | EmigRATION | An event to leave your homeland with the intention of residing elsewhere. |
Endl | DONatiON | A religious event where an endowment order for an individual was accomplished by the authority of the priesthood in an ESDJ temple. |
Engage | ENGAGEMENT | A registration or announcement event of an agreement between two people to get married. |
Even | EVENT | A remarkable event linked to an individual, a group or an organization |
Fact | DO | Relatif à un attribut ou à un fait remarquable concernant un individu, un groupe ou une organisation. Une structure Fact est généralement qualifiée ou classée par une utilisation subordonnée de la balise KIND. |
Fam | FamILLE | Identifies a legal relationship, or any other customary relationship between a man and a woman and their children, if necessary, or a family created under the birth of a child to his father and mother biological. |
FamC | FamILLE_CHILD | Identifies the family in which an individual appears as a child. |
FamS | FamILLE_EPOUX | Identifies the family in which an individual appears to be a spouse. |
Fcom | First_communion | A religious rite, the first act of sharing of the Lord's meal as part of the cult of the Church. |
FILE | FILE | A place of storage of ordered information organized for preservation and reference. |
Form | FormAT | Name attributed to a coherent format in which information can be transmitted. |
Gedc | GedcOM | Informations sur l'utilisation de GedcOM dans une transmission. |
Givn | FIRST Name | A given or won name used for the official identification of a person. |
Grad | Obtaining a diploma | An event of graduation or grades to individuals. |
Head | STUBBORN | Identifie les informations relatives à une transmission GedcOM entière. |
Husb | HUSBAND | A person in the family role of a married man or a father. |
Idno | Number | An number assigned to identify a person within an important external system. |
Immi | ImmiGRATION | An entry event into a new locality with the intention of residing in it. |
India | INDivIDU | A person. |
Lang | LangUE | The name of the language used in a communication or transmission of information. |
Lati | LatiTUDE | Value indicating a coordinate position on a line, a plan or a space. |
Lega | LEGATEE | Role of an individual acting as a person receiving a legal legacy or legacy. |
LONG | LONGITUDE | Value indicating a coordinate position on a line, a plan or a space. |
Map | Map | Relates to a representation of measures generally presented in graphic form. |
Marb | Bans | Un évènement d'avis public officiel annonçant que deux personnes ont l'intention de se marier. |
Marc | ContainerRAT_DE_HUSBANDAGE | An event of registration of a formal marriage agreement, including the prenuptial agreement in which the marriage partners reach an agreement on property rights of one or both, guaranteeing property to their children. |
Marr | HUSBANDAGE | A legal, customary or customary event to create a family unit of a man and a woman as a husband and wife. |
Medium | MediumA | Identifies information on the media or having to do with the support in which the information is stored. |
Name | NAME | Un mot ou une combinaison de mots utilisés pour aider à identifier une personne, un titre ou un autre élément. Plus d'une ligne Name doit être utilisée pour les personnes connues sous plusieurs noms. |
Nati | NatiONALITÉ | From the country of birth of an individual or coming from the nationality of his parents. |
Natu | NatuRALISATION | The event for obtaining citizenship. |
Nchi | NAMEBRE_D_CHILD | Le nombre d'enfants dont cette personne est connue pour être le parent (tous les mariages) lorsqu'elle est subordonnée à un individu, ou qui appartiennent à cette famille lorsqu'elle est subordonnée à un Fam_RECORD |
Nick | SurnAME | Un descriptif ou nom familier qui est utilisé à la place ou en plus de son propre nom. |
Nmr | NAMEBRE_DE_HUSBANDAGE | The number of times this person has participated in a family as a spouse or parent. |
NOTE | NOTE | Additional information provided by the transmitter to understand the attached data. |
Objection | ObjectionT | Relating to a group of attributes used to describe something. Generally refers to the data necessary to represent a multimedia object, such as an audio recording, a photograph of a person or an image of a document. |
Occupy | OccupyPATION | The type of work or profession of an individual. |
Ordn | ORDINatiON | A religious event consisting in receiving the authority of acting in religious matters. |
Phon | TÉLÉPhonE | A unique number assigned to access a specific phone. |
Plac | PlacE | A jurisdictional name to identify the place or the location of an event. |
POST | Code_postal | Code used by a postal service to identify an area to facilitate mail treatment. |
Probed | APPROVAL | Event of judicial determination of the validity of a will. May indicate several judicial activities related to several dates. |
Prop | PropRIÉTÉ | Relating to possessions such as real estate or other goods of interest. |
Quay | QUALITÉ_DES_DATA | An assessment of the certainty of evidence in support of the conclusion drawn from the evidence. |
Related | RELatiON | A relationship value between the contexts indicated. |
Bind | BindGION | A religious confession to which a person is affiliated or for which a file applies. |
Resi | RESIDENCE | Action to live at an address for a while. |
Reti | RETIREMENT | Exit event of a professional relationship with an employer after a reference period, for mainly ceasing any professional activity |
ROLE | ROLE | Name given to a role played by an individual in relation to an event. |
Sex | SexE | Indicates the sex of an individual - man or woman. |
Sour | SourCE | The initial or original material from which the information was obtained. |
Stae | StatE | Geographic division of a larger jurisdictional area, such as a state within the United States of America. |
Stat | StatUT | An assessment of the state or the condition of something. |
Subm | AUTHOR | An individual or an organization that provides genealogical data to a file or transfers them to someone else. |
Surn | NAME_DE_FamILLE | A surname transmitted or used by family members. |
Time | HOUR | Une valeur d'heure au format 24 heures, comprenant les heures, les minutes et les secondes facultatives, séparées par deux points (::). Les fractions de secondes sont affichées en notation décimale. |
Titl | TITLE | A description of a specific writing or another work, such as the title of a book when used in a source context, or a formal designation used by an individual in relation to positions of royalty or another social status, such as Grand Duke. |
Trlr | Trailer | Au niveau 0, spécifie la fin d'une transmission GedcOM. |
KIND | KIND | An additional qualification for the meaning of the associated upper tag. The value has no reliability of computer processing. It is rather a short note of one or two words which must be displayed whenever the associated data is displayed. |
TOWARDS | TOWARDSION | Indicates which version of a product, element or publication is used or referenced. |
Wife | MARRY | A person playing the role of mother and/or married woman. |
Will | WILL | Legal act assimilated to an event, by which a person has his succession, to take effect after his death. The date of the event is the date on which the will was signed during the person. (See also probate) |
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